October 31, 2026·45 min read

Eli Lilly (LLY), Financial Analysis

Insights derived from analysing SEC filings. Independent analysis, not a publication of the SEC.

Revenue Q3 2026
$24.4bn
+38.6% year on year (Q3 2025 $17.6bn)
Costs and expenses Q3 2026
$15.8bn
+54.2% year on year (Q3 2025 $10.2bn)
Operating margin Q3 2026
35.3%
(6.6 pts) year on year (Q3 2025 41.8%)
Key findings
  • Incretins were two thirds of revenue. Mounjaro $10.7bn (+64.6%), Zepbound $5.4bn (+49.2%) and the oral Foundayo $184m made up 66.6% of Q3 2026 revenue of $24.4bn (+38.6%), against 57.4% a year earlier. Novo Nordisk obesity care sales grew 15% in Danish kroner in Q2 2026, its latest filed quarter.
  • Volume rises, price falls. Volume +53% and realized price (15%) in Q3 2026: U.S. price (7%), outside U.S. price (29%) after Mounjaro's listing on China's reimbursement list. Q3 revenue includes about $900m of benefits from Jardiance milestones ($410m; none remain) and rebate estimate changes.
  • Other areas grow more slowly. Oncology +8.0% with Verzenio +2.8% against Novartis Kisqali +37% at constant currency; immunology +5.4% with Taltz (5.1%); neuroscience +40.5% incl. Kisunla ($193m).
  • Acquired IPR&D lowered reported earnings. Acquired IPR&D of $4.18bn in Q3 2026 ($4.57 per share) lowered operating margin to 35.3% from 41.8%; before acquired IPR&D and special charges the margin was 53.7% against 47.6%. Business development cash in 9M 2026 was $18.2bn; debt rose $7.0bn to $49.5bn.
  • Revenue guidance raised three times. FY2026 revenue from $80bn to $83bn (Feb) to $91bn to $92bn (Oct). Non GAAP EPS guidance went from $33.50 to $35.00 (Feb) to $35.50 to $37.00 (Apr), $35.50 to $36.50 (Aug) and $35.00 to $36.00 (Oct); the Aug and Oct ranges absorb acquired IPR&D of $3.03 and $4.57 per share, while underlying EPS was raised $2.78 and $4.07 at the midpoint.
  • Shares at $1,414.51 on 30 Oct 2026, 45.9x TTM diluted EPS and 39.8x the FY2026 non GAAP EPS guidance midpoint. Three year scenarios: base $1,445, best $2,460, worst $564.

Figures are read from the Forms 10-K for FY2022 to FY2025, the Forms 10-Q for Q3 2025 and Q1 to Q3 2026, the Forms 8-K with all their exhibits, incl. the quarterly earnings releases (Ex 99 and 99.1), the May 2026 underwriting agreement (Ex 1.1), the officers' certificates for eight notes series (Ex 4.3, 4.4) and two legal opinions (Ex 5.1, 5.2), the Form 8-K Item 5.07 vote results, Schedules 13G and Forms 4 on the record for central index key 59478, and the filings of 11 other companies used in chapters 2 to 5 and 8. Lilly files no CFO commentary exhibit: CFO commentary comes from the Q4 2025, Q1 2026 and Q2 2026 earnings calls; no Q3 2026 call transcript was available on 31 Oct 2026, so Q3 2026 management commentary is taken from the release and the Form 10-Q. Accession numbers for every filing used appear in the Sources appendix. Market prices are the last trades of 30 October 2026.

1 Revenue & Business Model

  • Storyline: revenue now depends on incretin medicines, and volume growth outweighs falling prices. Mounjaro, Zepbound and Foundayo were 66% of 9M 2026 revenue (10-Q). Chapters 2 to 5 cover the four revenue drivers by therapeutic area: incretins in cardiometabolic health, oncology, immunology and neuroscience; chapter 6 covers the cost of the acquisitions behind the pipeline in the financial analysis.
  • One segment, human pharmaceuticals, sold in about 90 countries; McKesson, Cencora and Cardinal Health are the three main U.S. wholesalers, and LillyDirect self pay sales are a growing share (10-K FY2025). Revenue is net of U.S. rebates, discounts and returns of $62.1bn in FY2025 against $41.5bn in FY2024.
  • Revenue FY2021 $28.3bn to FY2025 $65.2bn, a 23.2% CAGR; TTM Q3 2026 $86.5bn, +45.5% on the prior twelve months.
  • Therapeutic areas FY2025: cardiometabolic health $48.2bn (74.0%), oncology $9.4bn (14.4%), immunology $5.2bn (8.1%), neuroscience $1.4bn (2.1%). In Q3 2026 cardiometabolic health was 81.0% of revenue.
  • Regions FY2025: U.S. $43.5bn (66.7%), Europe $11.6bn (17.7%, +67.0%), Japan $2.1bn, China $2.0bn, rest of world $6.1bn.
  • Concentration: six products above $3bn each made up 82% of FY2025 revenue and Mounjaro and Zepbound 56% (10-K FY2025, Item 1A). Jardiance is a collaboration with Boehringer Ingelheim in which Lilly records a share of net sales as collaboration revenue.
Figure 1.1 Revenue and operating margin, FY2021 to TTM Q3 2026
Figure 1.2 Revenue by region ($bn)
Table 1.1 Revenue by therapeutic area and product ($bn)
LineFY2023FY2024FY20259M 20259M 20269M change (%)
Mounjaro5.1611.5422.9715.5629.3388.5
Zepbound0.184.9313.549.2814.4455.6
Trulicity7.135.254.283.243.04(6.1)
Jardiance2.753.343.432.663.9247.4
Other cardiometabolic health4.454.464.012.993.145.2
Cardiometabolic health19.6729.5248.2233.7353.8859.7
Verzenio3.865.315.724.124.294.1
Other oncology2.803.453.652.653.1518.9
Oncology6.668.759.386.777.449.9
Taltz2.763.263.562.512.44(2.7)
Other immunology1.041.131.681.201.6134.8
Immunology3.804.395.253.714.069.4
Neuroscience2.881.471.390.931.2534.5
Other1.120.900.940.750.55(27.4)
Total revenue34.1245.0465.1845.8967.1746.4
Product revenue includes collaboration revenue. FY2021 and FY2022 are omitted because Lilly changed its category definitions in FY2024. Other is revenue outside the lines shown. Q4 2025 product values equal FY2025 less 9M 2025.
Table 1.2 Revenue by therapeutic area, last five quarters
LineQ3 2025Q4 2025Q1 2026Q2 2026Q3 2026
Cardiometabolic health ($bn)13.1814.4915.7618.3519.76
Oncology ($bn)2.412.612.272.572.60
Immunology ($bn)1.361.541.201.421.44
Neuroscience ($bn)0.320.460.380.430.44
Other ($bn)0.340.190.190.210.15
Total revenue ($bn)17.6019.2919.8022.9724.40
Mounjaro, Zepbound and Foundayo share (%)57.460.564.865.266.6

2 Incretins: Mounjaro, Zepbound and the Oral Foundayo Launch

  • Mounjaro $10.72bn in Q3 2026, +64.6%: U.S. $5.00bn (+40.8%), outside U.S. $5.73bn (+93.1%). Zepbound $5.35bn, +49.2%, almost all in the U.S. Foundayo $184m after $98m in its launch quarter.
  • Cardiometabolic health $19.76bn, +50.0%, 81.0% of revenue. Trulicity $0.90bn ((14.1%)); Jardiance $1.58bn (+64.5%) incl. $410m of milestones.
  • Price and volume: 9M 2026 outside U.S. volume +93%, driven by Mounjaro, and price (30%), mainly from Mounjaro's listing on China's National Reimbursement Drug List in Q1 2026; U.S. volume +42% and price (5%).
  • Channels: about 45% of Zepbound prescriptions were self pay in Q1 and Q2 2026; LillyDirect self pay prices $299 to $449 a month and the Medicare Bridge price $245 (Q2 2026 call). The Medicare GLP 1 Bridge runs from 1 Jul 2026 to 31 Dec 2027.
  • Pipeline: orforglipron submitted for type 2 diabetes in the U.S. and Japan, with a positive CHMP opinion in the EU; retatrutide met primary endpoints in Phase 3, incl. a head to head trial against Ozempic 2 mg, with a U.S. BLA planned for Q1 2027; EloraTZP Phase 3 trials start in Q4 2026.
Figure 2.1 Mounjaro, Zepbound and Foundayo revenue by quarter and share of revenue

How the incretin market is changing

  • Branded obesity volume grew 81% globally and 87% in the U.S. on a moving annual total to May 2026, per prescription data cited in Novo Nordisk's H1 2026 report (6-K, 4 Aug 2026).
  • Oral competition: Lilly launched Foundayo in the U.S. in Q2 2026 ($98m and $184m in Q2 and Q3); Novo Nordisk launched the Wegovy pill in the U.S. on 5 Jan 2026, with DKK 3.22bn of Q2 2026 sales and over 265,000 weekly prescriptions in the week to 17 Jul 2026.
  • Novo Nordisk obesity care sales DKK 23.15bn in Q2 2026, +15% (Wegovy injectable +1%), and 2026 guidance for adjusted sales growth of 0% to (6%) at constant exchange rates; Lilly raised FY2026 revenue guidance to $91bn to $92bn.
  • Medicare: the Bridge program also covers semaglutide under Novo Nordisk's Nov 2025 most favored nation agreement with the U.S. Administration; state Medicaid programs may opt in.
  • Generics and compounding: ANDA filings for tirzepatide in Jul 2026 (Lilly 10-Q); Novo Nordisk cites loss of exclusivity for semaglutide in certain International Operations markets (6-K, 4 Aug 2026); Lilly reports continued sale of mass compounded and counterfeit incretins (10-Q Q3 2026).
Figure 2.2 Revenue growth from volume and price by quarter
Table 2.1 Incretin and diabetes revenue against competitors
Company and productPeriodRevenueGrowth (%)Filed detail
Lilly: MounjaroQ3 2026$10.72bn64.6U.S. $5.00bn (+40.8%); outside U.S. $5.73bn (+93.1%)
Lilly: ZepboundQ3 2026$5.35bn49.2U.S. $5.27bn (+47.6%)
Lilly: Foundayo (oral orforglipron)Q3 2026$184mlaunch Q2 2026Q2 2026 $98m
Lilly: TrulicityQ3 2026$0.90bn(14.1)Medicare set price from 2028 (IRA)
Novo Nordisk: Obesity care sales (adjusted)Q2 2026DKK 23.15bn15.0Wegovy injectable DKK 19.48bn (+1%); Wegovy pill DKK 3.22bn; growth +16% at CER; US obesity care +4% at CER
Novo Nordisk: GLP 1 diabetes sales (adjusted)Q2 2026DKK 36.78bn0.0Ozempic DKK 31.38bn (+3%); Ozempic pill and Rybelsus DKK 5.23bn (7%); +2% at CER
Novo Nordisk: Adjusted net salesQ2 2026DKK 78.49bn6.0Adjusted operating margin 42.5%; H1 2026 adjusted sales +2% at CER
Merck: Januvia/Janumet salesQ3 2026$380m(39.1)Decline from US generic competition after loss of exclusivity
Sanofi: Tzield/Teizeild salesQ3 2026EUR 42m127.8Type 1 diabetes delay therapy; almost 1,100 patients treated to date
Amgen: Total revenuesQ2 2026$10.10bn10.0No incretin revenue filed; Repatha $953m (+37%)
Novo Nordisk values and growth are in Danish kroner (adjusted, Q2 2026, latest filed quarter); constant exchange rate growth is in the detail column. Sanofi is in euros. Amgen has no marketed incretin and shows total revenue for scale. Novo Nordisk and Amgen Q3 2026 results were not filed by 31 Oct 2026.
Table 2.2 Cardiometabolic health revenue, last five quarters
LineQ3 2025Q4 2025Q1 2026Q2 2026Q3 2026
Mounjaro ($bn)6.527.418.669.9410.72
Zepbound ($bn)3.594.264.164.935.35
Trulicity ($bn)1.051.040.921.220.90
Jardiance ($bn)0.960.771.111.231.58
Other cardiometabolic health ($bn)1.061.020.911.031.21
Foundayo, from the releases ($m)00098184
Cardiometabolic health ($bn)13.1814.4915.7618.3519.76
Foundayo revenue is part of the Form 10-Q product lines above.
Table 2.3 Revenue change by volume, price and currency (%)
Period and regionVolumePriceCurrencyTotal
FY2025, U.S.53(10)043
FY2025, Outside U.S.460248
FY2025, Worldwide50(6)145
Q4 2025, U.S.50(7)not stated43
Q4 2025, Outside U.S.38not stated443
Q4 2025, Worldwide46(5)not stated43
Q1 2026, U.S.49(7)not stated43
Q1 2026, Outside U.S.95(25)not stated81
Q1 2026, Worldwide65(13)not stated56
Q2 2026, U.S.37(3)not stated33
Q2 2026, Outside U.S.113(36)not stated80
Q2 2026, Worldwide60(13)not stated48
Q3 2026, U.S.41(7)034
Q3 2026, Outside U.S.76(29)047
Q3 2026, Worldwide53(15)039
9M 2026, U.S.42(5)036
9M 2026, Outside U.S.93(30)467
9M 2026, Worldwide59(14)146
Q2 2026 U.S. price would have been about (9%) and Q1 2026 about (10%) excluding rebate and discount estimate changes.

3 Oncology: Verzenio Up 3% as Jaypirca and Inluriyo Grow

  • Oncology $2.60bn in Q3 2026, +8.0%, 10.7% of revenue. Verzenio $1.51bn, +2.8%; Jaypirca $228m, +59.4%; Inluriyo $73m.
  • Verzenio FY2025 $5.7bn, 8.8% of revenue; selected for a Medicare set price from 2028; estimated U.S. compound patent expiry 2031; Cipla ANDA with trial set for May 2028.
  • Q3 2026 approvals: Inluriyo with Verzenio for ER positive, HER2 negative, ESR1 mutated advanced breast cancer; Jaypirca in untreated CLL/SLL. Phase 3 trials started for sofetabart mipitecan and tersolisib.
Figure 3.1 Oncology revenue by quarter

How the oncology market is changing

  • CDK4/6 inhibitors: Novartis Kisqali grew 37% at constant currency to $1.82bn in Q3 2026 with share gains in early breast cancer, against Verzenio +3% to $1.51bn (Novartis 6-K 27 Oct 2026; Lilly 10-Q 29 Oct 2026).
  • BTK inhibitors: AbbVie Imbruvica fell 26.1% to $522m in Q3 2026; BeOne Brukinsa rose 31% to about $1.2bn in Q2 2026; Lilly Jaypirca rose 59% to $228m and gained an FDA indication in untreated CLL/SLL (company filings).
  • Immunotherapy shift to subcutaneous dosing: Merck Keytruda QLEX sold $830m in Q3 2026 within Keytruda total $8.60bn (+6%) (Merck 8-K, 29 Oct 2026).
  • New modalities: Merck and Moderna reported intismeran plus Keytruda cut the risk of recurrence or death by 42% (HR 0.58) in Phase 3; Lilly started Phase 3 trials for sofetabart mipitecan (FRα ADC) and tersolisib (company filings, Oct 2026).
Figure 3.2 Oncology product growth by company
Table 3.1 Oncology revenue against competitors
Company and productPeriodRevenueGrowth (%)Filed detail
Lilly: Oncology totalQ3 2026$2.60bn8.010.7% of Lilly revenue
Lilly: Verzenio (CDK4/6)Q3 2026$1.51bn2.8Medicare set price from 2028 (IRA); U.S. patent 2031
Lilly: Jaypirca (BTK)Q3 2026$228m59.4first line CLL/SLL approval in Q3 2026
Lilly: InluriyoQ3 2026$73mlaunch Q2 2026approved with Verzenio in Q3 2026
Merck: Keytruda/Keytruda QLEX salesQ3 2026$8.60bn5.6Keytruda QLEX $830m; Merck total sales $18.09bn (+5%)
Novartis: Kisqali net salesQ3 2026$1.82bn37.0Direct CDK4/6 competitor to Verzenio; 9M 2026 $5.03bn (+45%); Novartis core operating margin 41.6%
AbbVie: Oncology portfolio net revenuesQ3 2026$1.70bn0.8Venclexta $803m (+10.7%); Imbruvica $522m (26.1%); Elahere $224m (+31.0%)
BeOne Medicines: Brukinsa global revenuesQ2 2026$1.20bn31.0BTK inhibitor competing with Jaypirca; total revenue $1.71bn (+30%); 2026 revenue guidance $6.6bn to $6.8bn
Sanofi: Sarclisa salesQ3 2026EUR 196m25.8Multiple myeloma; growth at CER
Novartis growth at constant currency; Sanofi in euros at constant exchange rates. BeOne Q3 2026 results were not filed by 31 Oct 2026.

4 Immunology: Taltz Declines as Ebglyss and Omvoh Grow

  • Immunology $1.44bn in Q3 2026, +5.4%, 5.9% of revenue. Taltz $0.86bn, (5.1%); other immunology $0.58bn, +25.6%, incl. Ebglyss $202m (+59.1%) and Omvoh $114m (+75.4%).
  • Taltz 9M 2026 $2.44bn against $2.51bn in 9M 2025.
  • Ebglyss economics: Roche receives royalties from high single digits to high teens on worldwide sales and is eligible for up to $900m of sales milestones; Almirall pays Lilly royalties on European sales.
  • Combination and deals: Phase 3b data for Taltz plus Zepbound in psoriatic disease and obesity in Q3 2026; Merida Biosciences (autoimmune and allergic diseases) acquired in Oct 2026; Ventyx acquired in Mar 2026.
Figure 4.1 Immunology revenue by quarter

How the immunology market is changing

  • AbbVie immunology: Skyrizi (IL 23) rose 22.7% to $5.78bn and Rinvoq (JAK) 23.9% to $2.71bn in Q3 2026, while Humira fell 31.2% to $683m (AbbVie 8-K, 30 Oct 2026).
  • IL 17 class: Novartis Cosentyx grew 9% at constant currency to $1.86bn in Q3 2026, against Taltz (5%) to $856m (Novartis 6-K; Lilly 10-Q).
  • Atopic dermatitis: Sanofi Dupixent grew 34.8% at CER to EUR 5.69bn in Q3 2026; Sanofi says it is preparing for Dupixent's loss of exclusivity over the next decade. Lilly Ebglyss rose 59% to $202m (company filings).
  • IRA pricing reaches immunology: Amgen Enbrel net selling price fell 22% in Q2 2026 after Medicare Part D price setting took effect on 1 Jan 2026 (Amgen 8-K, 4 Aug 2026).
Figure 4.2 Immunology product growth by company
Table 4.1 Immunology revenue against competitors
Company and productPeriodRevenueGrowth (%)Filed detail
Lilly: Immunology totalQ3 2026$1.44bn5.45.9% of Lilly revenue
Lilly: Taltz (IL 17A)Q3 2026$0.86bn(5.1)9M 2026 $2.44bn
Lilly: Ebglyss (IL 13)Q3 2026$202m59.1Roche receives royalties on worldwide sales
Lilly: Omvoh (IL 23)Q3 2026$114m75.4inflammatory bowel disease
AbbVie: Immunology portfolio net revenuesQ3 2026$9.17bn16.3Skyrizi $5.78bn (+22.7%); Rinvoq $2.71bn (+23.9%); Humira $683m (31.2%)
Novartis: Cosentyx net salesQ3 2026$1.86bn9.0IL 17A competitor to Taltz; 9M 2026 $5.25bn (+8% in U.S. dollars)
Sanofi: Dupixent salesQ3 2026EUR 5.69bn34.8Competes with Ebglyss in atopic dermatitis; 9M 2026 EUR 15.01bn
Amgen: Otezla salesQ2 2026$491m(21.0)Net selling price (9%), volume (6%); Tezspire $486m (+42%)
Johnson & Johnson: Innovative Medicine segment salesQ3 2026$16.76bn7.7Segment includes Tremfya and Stelara; product split not captured here
Sanofi in euros, growth at constant exchange rates; Novartis growth at constant currency. Johnson & Johnson does not split Tremfya in the data used here.

5 Neuroscience: Kisunla and the Alzheimer's Antibody Market

  • Neuroscience $0.44bn in Q3 2026, +40.5%, 1.8% of revenue, the smallest therapeutic area.
  • Kisunla $193m, +175.7%; 9M 2026 $484m against $141m. Eisai recorded Leqembi in market sales of $202m in Q3 2026 (+67%), $107m of it in the U.S. (Biogen 8-K).
  • Deals: AtaiBeckley acquired in Q3 2026 for treatment resistant depression ($2.61bn acquired IPR&D charge); Phase 3 trial of brenipatide started in major depressive disorder.
  • Emgality: the Federal Circuit reversed the invalidity ruling on Teva patents in Apr 2026, with a charge in Q1 2026; rehearing denied in Sep 2026.
Figure 5.1 Neuroscience and Kisunla revenue by quarter

How the neuroscience market is changing

  • Migraine: AbbVie Qulipta grew 38.2% to $398m and Ubrelvy 26.9% to $449m in Q3 2026; Teva Ajovy held 32.5% of US prescriptions in the subcutaneous anti CGRP class in Q2 2026, competing with Lilly's Emgality (company filings).
  • AbbVie neuroscience portfolio grew 19.4% to $3.39bn in Q3 2026 (AbbVie 8-K, 30 Oct 2026).
  • Deal activity: Lilly completed the AtaiBeckley acquisition in Q3 2026 (treatment resistant depression) and started a Phase 3 trial of brenipatide in major depressive disorder; Biogen closed the Apellis acquisition in May 2026; Teva bought Emalex for about $700m (company filings).
Table 5.1 Neuroscience revenue against competitors
Company and productPeriodRevenueGrowth (%)Filed detail
Lilly: Neuroscience totalQ3 2026$0.44bn40.51.8% of Lilly revenue
Lilly: Kisunla (amyloid antibody)Q3 2026$193m175.79M 2026 $484m against $141m
Biogen: Leqembi global in market sales (Eisai recorded)Q3 2026$202m67.0Biogen books 50% of collaboration economics; Biogen total revenue $2.80bn (+11%)
AbbVie: Neuroscience portfolio net revenuesQ3 2026$3.39bn19.4Vraylar $1.07bn; Botox Therapeutic $1.08bn; Ubrelvy $449m; Qulipta $398m
Teva: Ajovy global revenuesQ2 2026$244m56.0Growth in local currency; US share 32.5% of subcutaneous anti CGRP prescriptions
Novartis: Kesimpta net salesQ3 2026$1.48bn22.0Multiple sclerosis; growth at constant currency
Teva and Novartis growth in local or constant currency. Lilly does not report Emgality quarterly revenue separately.

6 Financial Analysis & Ratios

  • Operating margin 40.3% TTM against 40.4% in FY2025 and 18.9% in FY2023; Q3 2026 35.3% against 41.8%, after acquired IPR&D of 17.1% of revenue.
  • Gross margin 83.9% in Q3 2026 (non GAAP 84.4%), against 82.9% in Q3 2025 and 74.2% in FY2021; the release attributes the Q3 increase to product mix and lower production cost, partly offset by lower realized prices.
  • Net income TTM $27.6bn, 31.9% of revenue; Q3 2026 $6.45bn, +15.5%; effective tax rate 23.3% as acquired IPR&D is largely not deductible (non GAAP rate 24.0%).
  • Cash flow TTM: operating cash flow $30.6bn, capital expenditure $11.0bn (12.7% of revenue) against $1.3bn in FY2021, free cash flow $19.7bn (22.7% of revenue).
  • Balance sheet at 30 Sep 2026: cash $4.9bn plus investments of $4.1bn, mostly noncurrent; debt $49.5bn (up $7.0bn in 9M 2026); goodwill $9.9bn and intangibles $18.1bn after the Centessa, Kelonia and Ventyx acquisitions, against $5.9bn and $6.5bn at FY2025; sales rebate and discount accrual $24.2bn.
  • Capital returns 9M 2026: buybacks $4.3bn ($0.38bn in Q3) with $6.6bn left on the $15bn authorization; dividends $4.6bn, $5.19 per share.
  • Market value $1.26tn uses the 893.4m diluted shares behind Q3 2026 EPS; the Form 10-Q cover count of 940.7m includes about 50m shares in an employee benefit trust that are excluded from EPS. Enterprise value $1.31tn.
Table 6.1 Income statement, cash flow and balance sheet summary ($bn unless stated)
Line itemFY2021FY2022FY2023FY2024FY2025TTM Q3 2026
Revenue28.328.534.145.065.286.5
Gross profit21.021.927.036.654.172.3
Research and development6.97.29.311.013.315.4
Selling, general and administrative6.46.47.48.611.112.6
Operating income6.47.16.512.926.334.9
Net income5.66.25.210.620.627.6
Diluted EPS ($)6.126.905.8011.7122.9530.81
Operating cash flow7.47.64.28.816.830.6
Capital expenditure(1.3)(1.9)(3.4)(5.1)(7.8)(11.0)
Free cash flow6.15.70.83.89.019.7
Stock based compensation0.30.40.60.60.60.7
Cash and investments3.92.22.93.47.34.9
Total debt16.916.225.233.642.549.5
Total equity9.010.710.814.326.540.3
Selling, general and administrative is marketing, selling and administrative. Operating income is after acquired IPR&D and asset impairment, restructuring and other special charges. Cash and investments are cash and current investments; FY2025 and TTM show cash only because current investments are not a separate balance sheet line. Total debt is short and long term debt. TTM equals Q4 2025 plus Q1 to Q3 2026; balance sheet items at 30 Sep 2026.
Figure 6.1 Quarterly revenue and margins
Table 6.2 What changed, Q3 2026 against Q3 2025
MetricQ3 2025Q3 2026Change
Revenue ($bn)17.6024.4038.6%
Gross profit ($bn)14.5920.4640.2%
Operating income ($bn)7.378.6116.9%
Net income ($bn)5.586.4515.5%
Diluted EPS ($)6.217.2216.3%
Operating cash flow ($bn)8.8411.4029.0%
Free cash flow ($bn)6.758.2221.8%
Operating margin (%)41.835.3(6.6 pts)
Net margin (%)31.726.4(5.3 pts)
Table 6.3 Ratio analysis
RatioFY2021FY2022FY2023FY2024FY2025TTM Q3 2026
Growth and margins
Revenue growth (%)n/a0.819.632.044.7n/a
Gross margin (%)74.276.879.281.383.083.6
Operating margin (%)22.525.018.928.640.440.3
Net margin (%)19.721.915.423.531.731.9
FCF margin (%)21.420.12.38.313.822.7
Cost and investment intensity
R&D (%) revenue24.525.227.324.420.517.8
SBC (%) revenue1.21.31.81.41.00.8
Capex (%) revenue4.66.510.111.212.012.7
Effective tax rate (%)9.38.320.016.519.820.7
Returns
ROE (%)62.263.648.984.6101.268.5
ROA (%)11.412.79.214.821.618.6
ROIC (%)26.326.515.624.234.232.6
Asset turnover (x)0.580.580.530.570.580.58
Liquidity and leverage
Current ratio (x)1.231.050.941.151.581.39
Debt to equity (x)1.881.522.342.361.601.23
Net cash ($bn)(13.0)(14.0)(22.3)(30.2)(35.2)(44.6)
Efficiency and cash quality
Days sales outstanding868897899993
Inventory days194237298329454469
FCF to net income (x)1.080.920.150.360.430.71
Shareholder returns (%) FCF728860819110660
ROE and ROA use average balances for FY2022 to FY2025 and period end balances for FY2021 and TTM. Net cash is negative because debt exceeds cash. Shareholder returns are buybacks and dividends.
Figure 6.2 Margin profile
Figure 6.3 Operating cash flow, capital expenditure and free cash flow
Table 6.4 Valuation snapshot at $1,414.51 per share, 30 Oct 2026
MeasureValue
Market cap ($bn)1,263.7
Enterprise value ($bn)1,308.3
P/E (TTM) (x)45.9
P/E on FY2026 non GAAP EPS guidance midpoint (x)39.8
EV/Sales (TTM) (x)15.1
EV/EBITDA (TTM) (x)35.3
FCF yield (%)1.6
Price/Book (x)31.4
Dividend yield (%)0.5

Cost structure and profitability

  • Cost of sales 16.1% of Q3 2026 revenue against 17.1% a year earlier; non GAAP gross margin 84.4% (+0.8 pts) per the release.
  • R&D $4.25bn, +22.5%, 17.4% of revenue against 19.7%; marketing, selling and administrative $3.13bn, +14.0%, 12.8% of revenue.
  • Acquired IPR&D: $0.58bn in Q1, $2.78bn in Q2 (Orna, Ajax) and $4.18bn in Q3 2026 (AtaiBeckley $2.61bn, Curevo $954m); TTM $8.07bn, 9.3% of revenue. Lilly expenses these charges and keeps them in non GAAP EPS.
  • Special charges $0.30bn in Q3 2026 (partial impairment of an intangible for a molecule in development) and $0.70bn in Q2 (Centessa and Kelonia acquisition costs).
  • Operating income before acquired IPR&D and special charges (computed) $13.09bn, 53.7% of revenue, against 47.6% in Q3 2025. Lilly's non GAAP performance margin was 47.2% in Q4 2025, about 50% in Q1 2026 and 54.8% in Q2 2026 (CFO); FY2026 guidance 52.0% to 52.5%.
  • Cash: operating cash flow $11.40bn in Q3 2026, +29.0%; capital expenditure $3.18bn; free cash flow $8.22bn; cash paid for acquired IPR&D $4.06bn and for acquisitions $0.89bn.
Figure 6.4 Costs as % of revenue by quarter
Figure 6.5 Operating cash flow, capex and free cash flow by quarter
Figure 6.6 Reported EPS, non GAAP EPS and acquired IPR&D per share by quarter
Table 6.5 Costs as % of revenue, last five quarters
LineQ3 2025Q4 2025Q1 2026Q2 2026Q3 2026
Cost of sales (% of revenue)17.117.518.114.216.1
Research and development (% of revenue)19.719.717.716.617.4
Marketing, selling and administrative (% of revenue)15.616.214.814.912.8
Acquired IPR&D (% of revenue)3.72.72.912.117.1
Impairment, restructuring and special charges (% of revenue)2.10.41.43.11.2
Operating income (% of revenue)41.843.445.039.135.3
Capital expenditure (% of revenue)11.913.211.712.813.0
Operating income before acquired IPR&D and special charges (% of revenue)47.646.649.454.253.7
Effective tax rate (%)22.819.716.423.323.3
Table 6.6 Operating income to net income ($bn)
LineQ3 2025Q3 20269M 2026
Operating income before acquired IPR&D and special charges8.3913.0935.33
Acquired IPR&D(0.66)(4.18)(7.54)
Impairment, restructuring and special charges(0.37)(0.30)(1.29)
Operating income7.378.6126.50
Other income (expense)(0.13)(0.20)0.00
Income taxes(1.65)(1.96)(5.56)
Net income5.586.4520.94
Operating income before acquired IPR&D and special charges is computed from the income statement and is not a company measure.

7 MD&A & Management Commentary

Q3 2026 results release and Form 10-Q (no Q3 2026 call transcript available)

  • Q3 2026 (8-K and Form 10-Q, 29 Oct 2026): revenue $24.40bn, +38.6%; U.S. $15.14bn, +34% (volume +41%, price (7%)); outside U.S. $9.26bn, +47% (volume +76%, price (29%)); currency effect 0%.
  • Products: Mounjaro $10.72bn, of which U.S. $5.00bn and outside U.S. $5.73bn; Zepbound $5.35bn, where lower realized prices partly offset volume; Foundayo $184m against $98m in Q2 2026; Key Products $17.1bn.
  • One time items: about $900m of Q3 revenue came from Jardiance sales milestones ($410m, with no further milestones to be earned) and favorable changes to rebate and discount estimates.
  • Earnings: reported EPS $7.22 and non GAAP EPS $7.48, both after $4.57 of acquired IPR&D; non GAAP gross margin 84.4% (+0.8 pts); R&D +23%, marketing, selling and administrative +14%.
  • Policy: the Medicare GLP 1 Bridge gives beneficiaries access to discounted Lilly obesity medicines from 1 Jul 2026 to 31 Dec 2027; long term Medicare coverage remains under discussion with CMS. Jardiance has a government set Medicare price from 2026; Trulicity and Verzenio from 2028.
  • Q2 2026 call (5 Aug 2026): revenue +48%; about 45% of Zepbound prescriptions self pay; Lilly about 6 in 10 U.S. obesity incretin prescriptions and about 55% of the international incretin market; Foundayo prescribers rose from 8,000 to 36,000.
  • Q1 2026 call (30 Apr 2026): revenue +56%; price guided as a low to mid teens percentage headwind for 2026; 42 active Phase 3 programs.
Table 7.1 FY2026 guidance, all four versions as filed, and other outlook items
ItemOutlookSource
4 Feb 2026, initial (Q4 2025 results)Revenue $80.0bn to $83.0bn; performance margin 46.0% to 47.5%; tax rate 18% to 19%; non GAAP EPS $33.50 to $35.00; about 894m shares; includes acquired IPR&D to 31 Dec 20258-K 4 Feb 2026, Ex 99.1
30 Apr 2026, raise 1 (Q1 2026 results)Revenue $82.0bn to $85.0bn; performance margin 47.0% to 48.5%; tax rate 18% to 19%; non GAAP EPS $35.50 to $37.00; about 895m shares; EUR 1.16, JPY 153, CNY 7.1; includes acquired IPR&D to 31 Mar 20268-K 30 Apr 2026, Ex 99
5 Aug 2026, raise 2 (Q2 2026 results)Revenue $85.0bn to $87.0bn; performance margin 49.0% to 50.5%; tax rate 18% to 19%; non GAAP EPS $35.50 to $36.50; about 894m shares; EUR 1.14, JPY 153, CNY 7.1; includes acquired IPR&D to 30 Jun 20268-K 5 Aug 2026, Ex 99.1
29 Oct 2026, raise 3 (Q3 2026 results)Revenue $91.0bn to $92.0bn; performance margin 52.0% to 52.5%; tax rate 19% to 20%; non GAAP EPS $35.00 to $36.00; about 894m shares; EUR 1.13, JPY 157, CNY 6.7; includes acquired IPR&D to 30 Sep 20268-K 29 Oct 2026, Ex 99.1
Implied Q4 2026 revenue$23.83bn to $24.83bn (FY2026 range less 9M 2026 revenue of $67.17bn)computed from the 8-K and Form 10-Q
RetatrutideU.S. BLA submission planned for Q1 2027 (obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, knee osteoarthritis pain)8-K 5 Aug 2026, Ex 99.1
Investment Community Meeting7 Dec 20268-K 30 Apr 2026, Ex 99
Dividend$1.73 per share for Q4 2026Form 10-Q Q3 2026; 8-K 29 Oct 2026

Management and CFO commentary

  • CFO Lucas Montarce, Q4 2025 call (4 Feb 2026): FY2026 revenue $80bn to $83bn, a midpoint about 25% above 2025; price a low to mid teens percentage headwind from the U.S. government obesity agreement, lower LillyDirect Zepbound prices, lower Medicaid prices on older medicines and the China listing of Mounjaro.
  • CFO, Q4 2025 call: Medicare obesity coverage expected by 1 Jul 2026, with 10% to 20% of direct to patient users expected to move to Medicare; Medicaid access expected to shrink in 2026; 36 active Phase 3 programs.
  • CFO, Q1 2026 call (30 Apr 2026): U.S. price (7%), about (10%) excluding a one time rebate and discount adjustment; non GAAP gross margin 82.6%, down about 1 point on lower prices; performance margin 50%, up about 7 points; Europe +37% and Japan +42% at constant currency.
  • CFO, Q2 2026 call (5 Aug 2026): U.S. price (3%), (9%) excluding favorable estimate changes; non GAAP gross margin 86.3%; performance margin 54.8%; Europe +55% at constant currency incl. the $250m Jardiance milestone, China +93%, rest of world +136%.
  • CFO, Q2 2026 call: the Q2 rebate one offs will not recur; Q3 European seasonality and Q4 U.S. diabetes seasonality; growth increasingly from outside the U.S.; commercial net price expected to decline, offset by volume.
  • CEO David Ricks, 8-K Ex 99.1 of 29 Oct 2026: Q3 2026 exceeded prior expectations; growth from global demand for Mounjaro and Zepbound, Foundayo launches, expanded U.S. obesity coverage and a doubling in the newest oncology, immunology and neuroscience products; expansions in Texas and Virginia.
  • CEO, Q2 2026 call: the Medicare Bridge covers 20m eligible people at $50 a month out of pocket; Foundayo under regulatory review in over 40 additional countries.
Table 7.2 Management statements in their own words
SpeakerDate and sourceStatement
David Ricks, Chair and CEO30 Apr 2026, Q1 2026 earnings call“the unit economics are really driven by fixed costs”
Lucas Montarce, EVP and CFO5 Aug 2026, Q2 2026 earnings call“Excluding these adjustments, U.S. price declined by 9%.”
Ilya Yuffa, EVP and President Lilly USA5 Aug 2026, Q2 2026 earnings call“we're starting to see an inflection point on Foundayo now”
Table 7.3 Key disclosures in the Forms 10-Q and 10-K
ItemDisclosure
10-Q Q3 2026, acquisitionsBusiness combinations: Kelonia (25 Jun 2026; $3.09bn net cash, up to $3.75bn contingent), Centessa (24 Jun 2026; $5.96bn net, up to $1.54bn contingent), Ventyx (4 Mar 2026; $1.06bn). Asset acquisitions with IPR&D charges: AtaiBeckley $2.61bn, Orna $1.23bn, Curevo $954m, Ajax $909m.
10-Q Q3 2026, liquidityCash $4.9bn and investments $4.1bn; total debt $49.5bn; $9.0bn of notes issued in May 2026; $18.2bn paid for business development in 9M 2026.
10-Q Q3 2026, JardianceSales based milestones of $910m in 9M 2026 ($410m in Q3); no further milestones remain to be earned.
10-Q Q3 2026, tirzepatide patentsSeveral generic companies sent ANDA notices for Mounjaro or Zepbound in Jul 2026; Lilly sued in Delaware in Aug 2026. Compound patent U.S. 2036; U.S. data protection 2027 (10-K).
10-Q Q3 2026, other litigationVerzenio: Cipla ANDA, trial set for May 2028. Emgality: Federal Circuit reversed the invalidity ruling on Teva patents in Apr 2026; charge in Q1 2026. Incretin product liability cases (gastrointestinal injuries, NAION), 340B, insulin pricing and a Texas Medicaid qui tam covering 15 products.
10-Q Q3 2026, special chargesAsset impairment, restructuring and other special charges $1.29bn in 9M 2026, incl. a partial impairment of an intangible for a molecule in development in Q3 and $703m of acquisition related costs in Q2.
10-K FY2025, critical estimatesU.S. rebate, discount and return liabilities rose from $10.31bn to $15.15bn in 2025; a 5% change in the consolidated liability equals about $897m of revenue; 87% of the consolidated liability relates to U.S. sales.
10-K FY2025, capacityConstruction in progress $13.0bn at 31 Dec 2025 against $8.2bn a year earlier; supply and contract manufacturing agreements could require payments of up to about $10bn over up to 8 years if volumes are not purchased.
Table 7.4 FY2026 guidance midpoints and the acquired IPR&D effect
Measure4 Feb 202630 Apr 20265 Aug 202629 Oct 2026
Revenue midpoint ($bn)81.5083.5086.0091.50
Change in revenue midpoint ($bn)initial+2.00+2.50+5.50
Performance margin midpoint (%)46.7547.7549.7552.25
Non GAAP EPS midpoint ($)34.2536.2536.0035.50
Change in EPS midpoint ($)initial+2.00(0.25)(0.50)
Underlying EPS change at midpoint, as stated ($)initialnot stated+2.78+4.07
Acquired IPR&D of the latest quarter absorbed ($ per share)none0.523.034.57
FY2026 acquired IPR&D in the EPS range, cumulative ($ per share)0.000.523.558.12
Each EPS range includes acquired IPR&D charges incurred up to the quarter end before the update and none after it, as filed. Underlying EPS changes are the company's figures from the 5 Aug and 29 Oct 2026 releases.

8 Peer Valuation & Sector Summary

  • Sector: large pharmaceuticals and the incretin market. Lilly 9M 2026 revenue +46.4% against Bristol Myers Squibb 9M 2026 +5.2%; Merck Q3 2026 sales +4.7%; Novo Nordisk Q2 2026 adjusted sales +6% in Danish kroner, with 2026 guidance for adjusted sales growth of 0% to (6%) at constant exchange rates.
  • Margins: Lilly operating margin 40.3% TTM after $8.07bn of acquired IPR&D; Merck 8.1% TTM after charges; Novo Nordisk adjusted operating margin 42.5% in Q2 2026. Gross margin TTM Lilly 83.6%, Merck 71.8%; Bristol Myers Squibb 69.9% in 9M 2026.
  • Valuation: Lilly market value $1.26tn at 15.1x EV/Sales and 45.9x TTM P/E; Johnson & Johnson $658.3bn; Merck $368.8bn at 6.2x EV/Sales; Bristol Myers Squibb $127.9bn.
  • Net debt: Lilly $44.6bn at 30 Sep 2026, Merck $46.8bn at 30 Jun 2026 (latest filed balance sheet), Johnson & Johnson $27.4bn at 27 Sep 2026.
Table 8.1 Peer comparison, latest reported trailing twelve months
CompanyRevenue TTM ($bn)Revenue growth (%)Gross margin (%)Operating margin (%)Net margin (%)Net cash ($bn)Market value ($bn)EV/Sales (x)
LLY86.538.683.640.331.9(44.6)1,26415.1
MRK67.44.771.88.13.6(46.8)3696.2
BMYn/a6.969.9n/a21.7n/a128n/a
JNJn/an/an/an/an/a(27.4)658n/a
NVOn/a6.0n/a42.5n/an/an/an/a
Growth is the latest reported quarter year on year: LLY, MRK and BMY Q3 2026, NVO Q2 2026 adjusted sales in Danish kroner. LLY and MRK margins TTM Q3 2026; BMY margins 9M 2026; NVO operating margin adjusted, Q2 2026. MRK net cash is at 30 Jun 2026 and JNJ at 27 Sep 2026; JNJ shows balance sheet and market value only; NVO 9M 2026 results were not yet filed. LLY market value uses the EPS share count. Prices are last trades of 30 Oct 2026.
Figure 8.1 Revenue growth versus operating margin, peer set

9 Material Events & Contracts

  • Seven Forms 8-K in twelve months: four earnings releases, one board election, the annual meeting results and the May 2026 $9.0bn notes offering with its underwriting agreement, two officers' certificates and two legal opinions.
  • Business development: $18.2bn of cash paid in 9M 2026 for Centessa, Kelonia, AtaiBeckley, Orna, Ventyx, Curevo and Ajax; Merida Biosciences acquired in Oct 2026 for up to $2.9bn incl. milestones.
  • Notes terms: the Item 8.01 text gives the 2029 fixed rate coupon as 4.150% in one place and 4.650% in another; Ex 4.3, Ex 1.1 and both legal opinions state 4.150%.
Table 9.1 Forms 8-K filed in the last twelve months
DateItemsEvent
21 Nov 20255.02Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Stanford chemistry professor, elected to the board from 8 Dec 2025; board size increased. Only exhibit: Ex 104 cover page.
4 Feb 20262.02, 9.01Q4 2025 results (Ex 99.1): revenue $19.29bn (+43%); EPS $7.39 reported and $7.54 non GAAP, both after $0.52 of acquired IPR&D; FY2025 revenue $65.18bn (+45%). Initial FY2026 guidance: revenue $80bn to $83bn, non GAAP EPS $33.50 to $35.00.
30 Apr 20262.02, 9.01Q1 2026 results (Ex 99): revenue $19.80bn (+56%; volume +65%, price (13%)); EPS $8.26 reported, $8.55 non GAAP. Guidance raised to revenue $82bn to $85bn and non GAAP EPS $35.50 to $37.00. FDA approved Foundayo for obesity; agreements to acquire Orna, Centessa, Kelonia and Ajax.
7 May 20265.07Annual meeting of 4 May 2026: four directors elected; say on pay approved; EY ratified; amendments to declassify the board and remove supermajority provisions received about 70% of outstanding shares against the 80% required; independent chair and lobbying report proposals rejected.
20 May 20268.01, 9.01$9.0bn senior notes in eight series, net proceeds about $8.94bn; Ex 1.1 underwriting agreement, Ex 4.3 and 4.4 officers' certificates, Ex 5.1 and 5.2 legal opinions. Four fixed series and the 2029 floating notes carry a 101% special mandatory redemption tied to the Centessa acquisition, which closed in Q2 2026.
5 Aug 20262.02, 9.01Q2 2026 results (Ex 99.1): revenue $22.97bn (+48%; volume +60%, price (13%)); EPS $7.94 reported, $8.38 non GAAP after $3.03 of acquired IPR&D (Orna, Ajax). Guidance: revenue $85bn to $87bn, non GAAP EPS $35.50 to $36.50. Additional $4.5bn for Indiana manufacturing; retatrutide BLA planned for Q1 2027.
29 Oct 20262.02, 9.01Q3 2026 results (Ex 99.1): revenue $24.40bn (+39%; volume +53%, price (15%)), incl. about $900m of benefits; EPS $7.22 reported, $7.48 non GAAP after $4.57 of acquired IPR&D (AtaiBeckley, Curevo). Guidance: revenue $91bn to $92bn, non GAAP EPS $35.00 to $36.00. FDA approvals for Mounjaro (cardiovascular risk), Onswik, Inluriyo with Verzenio and Jaypirca; Merida acquired after quarter end.
Table 9.2 Material contracts and financing arrangements
ContractTerms
Senior notesDebt $49.5bn at 30 Sep 2026, incl. $2.5bn current. May 2026: $750m floating 2028 (SOFR plus 0.35%), $500m floating 2029 (SOFR plus 0.46%), $750m 4.150% 2029, $1.5bn 4.375% 2031, $1.25bn 4.650% 2033, $1.5bn 4.850% 2036, $1.75bn 5.600% 2056, $1.0bn 5.700% 2066; underwriters led by Morgan Stanley, Citigroup, Deutsche Bank and Goldman Sachs.
Credit facilities and commercial paper$10.1bn of unused committed bank credit facilities at 31 Dec 2025 and 30 Sep 2026, $10.0bn of it available to support the commercial paper program; the $6.0bn 364 day facility was renewed and the $4.0bn multi year facility extended to Aug 2031 in Aug 2026 (10-K; 10-Q Q3 2026).
Share repurchase program$15bn authorization; $6.6bn remaining at 30 Sep 2026.
Boehringer Ingelheim (Jardiance)Collaboration in the main markets through 31 Dec 2028; Lilly records a share of net sales; $910m of sales milestones in 9M 2026, none remaining.
Roche and Almirall (Ebglyss)Roche receives royalties from high single digits to high teens on worldwide Ebglyss sales and is eligible for up to $900m of sales milestones; Almirall pays Lilly royalties on European sales.
Supply and contract manufacturingPayments of up to about $10bn if specified volumes are not purchased, terms generally up to 8 years (10-K FY2025).
Acquisition contingent considerationKelonia up to $3.75bn and Centessa up to $1.54bn (10-Q Q3 2026); Merida up to $2.9bn incl. milestones.
U.S. government agreements (Nov 2025)Lower Medicaid and other prices, Medicare access to discounted obesity medicines from 1 Jul 2026, a government direct to patient platform and a three year Section 232 tariff grace period tied to U.S. manufacturing commitments.

10 Ownership, Voting Power & Annual Meeting

  • One class of common stock. Lilly Endowment, a private foundation, held 90.1m shares, 9.6%, at 30 Sep 2026 (Schedule 13G/A of 19 Oct 2026), against 10.2% at end 2024; it sold about 5.4m shares between the 30 Sep 2025 and 30 Sep 2026 reports. Vanguard Capital Management reported 6.48% at 31 Mar 2026.
  • Board structure: the board is classified and 80% supermajority provisions remain; management proposals to remove both received about 70% of outstanding shares in May 2026, below the 80% threshold.
  • 2026 annual meeting (4 May 2026, virtual): 847.3m shares voted, 89.7% of shares outstanding at the record date; four directors elected; say on pay approved with 96.0% of for and against votes; independent chair proposal received 33.7%.
  • Insiders, 12 months: no open market purchases by officers or directors; officer sales read total about $18.8m, all under preset trading plans, the largest by Patrik Jonsson ($7.6m) and Anat Hakim via spouse ($6.0m). Directors receive deferred stock units monthly in lieu of cash fees.
Table 10.1 Annual meeting vote results, 4 May 2026
ProposalFor (bn votes)Against (bn votes)Abstain (bn votes)For as % of votes castResult
Elect Carolyn Bertozzi (term to 2029)0.7620.0020.00199.8Elected
Elect William Kaelin, Jr.0.7260.0370.00195.1Elected
Elect Jon Moeller0.7500.0140.00198.2Elected
Elect David Ricks0.7350.0290.00196.2Elected
Advisory vote on executive compensation0.7320.0300.00296.0Approved
Ratify Ernst & Young LLP as auditor for 20260.8030.0430.00194.9Ratified
Amend Articles to eliminate classified board0.6650.0980.00287.2Failed (needs 80% of outstanding shares; received about 70.4%)
Amend Articles to eliminate supermajority voting provisions0.6640.0990.00287.1Failed (needs 80% of outstanding shares; received about 70.3%)
Shareholder proposal: independent board chair0.2570.5050.00233.7Not approved
Shareholder proposal: annual lobbying report0.1130.6450.00614.9Not approved
Broker non votes 82.5m on each item except the auditor ratification. The two charter amendments required 80% of outstanding shares.

2026 annual meeting

  • Virtual meeting of 4 May 2026; record date 25 Feb 2026; no live shareholder questions were taken because none had been received for the meeting.
  • CEO remarks: FY2025 revenue +45%; R&D $13.3bn, nearly 20% of revenue; quarterly dividend raised 15% for the eighth year in a row; more than $55bn committed to manufacturing since 2020; more than 71m people reached in 2025.
  • Shareholder proponents: Mercy Investment Services on the independent chair proposal, citing litigation and pricing risk and the combined CEO and chair roles; CommonSpirit Health on lobbying and trade association disclosure. The board recommended against both.
Table 10.2 Large holders from Schedules 13G
HolderShares (m)% of classAs of
Lilly Endowment, Inc.90.19.630 Sep 2026
Vanguard Capital Management61.36.4831 Mar 2026
Employee benefit trust (PNC Bank as directed trustee)50.05.2631 Dec 2024
The employee benefit trust holds shares that are excluded from the EPS share count; PNC Bank is directed trustee.
Table 10.3 Lilly Endowment holdings over time
As ofShares (m)% of class
31 Dec 202496.8910.2
31 Mar 202596.0210.1
30 Sep 202595.4910.1
31 Dec 202592.199.8
31 Mar 202691.909.7
30 Jun 202690.389.6
30 Sep 202690.079.6
Table 10.4 Insider sales read, last twelve months
DateInsiderTransactionValue ($m)
17 Aug 2026Patrik Jonsson, EVP and President Lilly Internationalsell 6,500 shares at $1,175.10 (preset trading plan)7.6
10 Aug 2026Donald Zakrowski, SVP Finance and CAOsell 2,000 at $1,185.01 (preset trading plan)2.4
7 Aug 2026Anat Hakim, EVP and General Counsel (via spouse)sell 5,000 at $1,190.00 (preset trading plan)6.0
10 Jun 2026Ilya Yuffa, EVP and President Lilly USAsell 2,500 at $1,150.77 (preset trading plan)2.9
6 May 2026Lilly Endowmentsell 15,828 shares at about $99515.8
7 Jan 2026Lilly Endowmentsell about 291,000 shares at $1,085 to $1,117not summed
25 Nov 2025Lilly Endowmentmultiple sales at $1,074 to $1,111 (33 transactions)not summed
Partial read of 28 Forms 4 with sale or purchase codes; Lilly Endowment sales are not summed.

11 Risk Factors

  • Item 1A of the FY2025 Form 10-K holds 16 risk factors in five groups and 10,811 words. The FY2024 Item 1A text could not be retrieved, so no added, removed or reworded counts are shown. The Forms 10-Q for Q1, Q2 and Q3 2026 each state no material changes from the FY2025 risk factors.
Table 11.1 Risk factors and legal matters with filed figures
RiskDisclosure and change
Product concentrationMounjaro, Zepbound and Foundayo 66.6% of Q3 2026 revenue; six products above $3bn each were 82% of FY2025 revenue.
U.S. pricing and IRANov 2025 agreements with the U.S. government; Jardiance Medicare set price from 2026, Trulicity and Verzenio from 2028; U.S. price (7%) in Q3 2026; sales rebate and discount accrual $24.2bn at 30 Sep 2026.
Rebate estimatesA 5% change in the U.S. rebate, discount and return liability equals about $897m of revenue (10-K); favorable estimate changes lifted U.S. price in Q1, Q2 and Q3 2026.
Patent challengesTirzepatide ANDA notices in Jul 2026 and Lilly suits in Aug 2026; compound patent U.S. 2036. Verzenio Cipla ANDA, trial May 2028.
Compounded and counterfeit incretinsNamed in the competition factor; the FDA has declared that compounding pharmacies must cease mass production (10-Q Q3 2026).
Manufacturing scale upNet property and equipment $32.2bn at 30 Sep 2026 against $17.1bn at FY2024; capex TTM $11.0bn; contract manufacturing commitments up to about $10bn; tariff grace period tied to U.S. investment.
Business developmentAcquired IPR&D $8.07bn TTM; goodwill and intangibles $28.0bn at 30 Sep 2026; contingent consideration up to $5.29bn for Kelonia and Centessa.
LitigationIncretin product liability cases (gastrointestinal injuries, NAION) in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania; 340B; insulin pricing; DOJ, FTC and state investigations; Texas Medicaid qui tam.

Risk factor section of the FY2025 Form 10-K

  • Concentration: six products above $3bn each made up 82% of 2025 revenue, with Mounjaro and Zepbound at 56%.
  • Pricing policy: the Nov 2025 US government agreements, Jan 2026 IRA selection of Trulicity and Verzenio (effective 2028) and 340B expansion sit in one 991 word factor.
  • AI has its own factor (490 words) on deployment, partnerships for drug discovery and related risks.
  • Tariffs are named 16 times and China 11 times; mass compounded and counterfeit incretins are named in the competition factor.
Figure 11.1 Item 1A words and risk factors by group
Table 11.2 Risk factors in Item 1A of the FY2025 Form 10-K
GroupRisk factorWords
Business and IndustryResearch and development is costly and uncertain1,002
Business and IndustryCompetition729
Business and IndustryGovernment price controls and access restrictions991
Business and IndustrySafety or efficacy concerns273
Business and IndustryRevenue concentration in few products611
Intellectual PropertyDependence on products with IP protection571
Intellectual PropertyLong term success depends on IP protection703
OperationsIT systems, breaches and cybersecurity1,447
OperationsManufacturing, quality and supply chain828
OperationsThird party relationships and outsourcing572
OperationsUse of AI and other emerging technologies490
Doing Business InternationallyGlobal operations, trade, tariffs and conflicts774
Doing Business InternationallyCurrency, interest rates and inflation215
Litigation and Government RegulationLitigation and investigations344
Litigation and Government RegulationTax laws299
Litigation and Government RegulationRegulatory compliance962
Table 11.3 Risk factor statements in the 2026 Forms 10-Q
FilingStatement
10-Q Q1 2026 filed 30 Apr 2026No material changes from the risk factors in the FY2025 10-K.
10-Q Q2 2026 filed 5 Aug 2026No material changes from the risk factors in the FY2025 10-K.
10-Q Q3 2026 filed 29 Oct 2026No material changes from the risk factors in the FY2025 10-K.

Interim flags: factors citing events after the FY2024 Form 10-K

  • These five factors cite events dated after 19 Feb 2025. They are flagged from dated content; the FY2024 text was not compared.
Table 11.4 Risk factors with content dated after the FY2024 Form 10-K
Risk factorContent flagged
Government price controls and pricing, reimbursement, accessText cites the Nov 2025 preliminary voluntary agreements with the US government on Medicaid prices and launch pricing across developed nations, LillyDirect self pay sales as a growing share of 2025 business, and HHS selection in Jan 2026 of Trulicity and Verzenio for Medicare set prices from 2028.
Revenue concentration in few products and supply chainSix products above $3bn each made up 82% of 2025 revenue and Mounjaro and Zepbound 56%; text adds that CVS Caremark stopped covering Zepbound as a preferred obesity medicine on some plans in Jul 2025.
Long term success depends on IP protectionText cites the Dec 2025 EU agreement in principle to revise pharmaceutical legislation, including shorter maximum data protection periods, and USPTO and Congressional proposals limiting patents.
Reliance on third parties and outsourcingText names expanded relationships with contract manufacturers, consumer directed access channels and AI providers, plus US and China tariffs and sanctions.
Global operations, trade, tariffs and conflictsText states the US and other countries imposed or reached alignment on new tariffs, some paused but able to return quickly; tariffs appear 16 times across Item 1A.

12 Stock Price, Scenarios & Sensitivity

  • LLY traded at $1,414.51 on 30 Oct 2026, +3.0% on the day, 2.4% below the 52 week high of $1,449.68 and 66.6% above the low of $849.17; +64.3% over twelve months.
  • Valuation: 45.9x TTM diluted EPS of $30.81, which is after $8.07bn of acquired IPR&D; 39.8x the FY2026 non GAAP EPS guidance midpoint of $35.50; 15.1x EV/Sales; free cash flow yield 1.6%; dividend $1.73 per quarter.
  • Scenario model: revenue grows from TTM Q3 2026 $86.5bn for three years; operating margin as stated, after acquired IPR&D; 20% tax rate; 893.4m shares; price equals TTM Q3 2029 EPS times exit P/E.
Figure 12.1 LLY monthly closing price, Nov 2021 to Oct 2026

Critical factors and core assumptions

Table 12.1 Critical factors behind the best case
FactorCurrent valueBest case requiresEvidence in filings and calls
Incretin volumeVolume +53% in Q3 2026; U.S. obesity incretin prescriptions +78% (Q2 2026 call)Volume growth above 25% a year through 202810-Q Q3 2026; Q2 2026 call
Realized pricePrice (15%) in Q3 2026; U.S. (7%), outside U.S. (29%)Price decline narrows to single digits from 202710-Q Q3 2026 MD&A
Foundayo uptake$184m in Q3 2026; 36,000 prescribers by Aug 2026Annual sales of several billion dollars by 2028 after launches outside the U.S. in 20278-K Q3 2026; Q2 2026 call
RetatrutideThree Phase 3 trials met primary endpoints; BLA planned for Q1 2027Approval and launch by 20288-K 5 Aug 2026
Manufacturing capacityCapex TTM $11.0bn; net property and equipment $32.2bn; construction in progress $13.0bn at FY2025Capacity online on schedule without supply limits10-Q Q3 2026; 10-K FY2025
Acquired IPR&D$8.07bn TTM, 9.3% of revenueCharges below 5% of revenue10-Q Q3 2026
  • Revenue base TTM Q3 2026 $86.5bn; operating income $34.9bn (40.3% margin, after 9.3% of revenue in acquired IPR&D).
  • Best case: 22% revenue CAGR, 50% operating margin, 35x P/E; incretin volume continues at 2026 rates, Foundayo launches outside the U.S. in 2027, retatrutide approved, acquired IPR&D back toward FY2025 levels.
  • Base case: 14% revenue CAGR, 45% margin, 28x P/E; price declines in the low to mid teens continue and launches add volume; acquired IPR&D near 5% of revenue.
  • Worst case: 4% revenue CAGR, 36% margin, 18x P/E; oral and generic competition, deeper U.S. price resets and fixed cost deleverage from new plants.
  • Tax rate 20% (FY2026 non GAAP guidance 19% to 20%); share count held at 893.4m (guidance assumes about 894m); no net interest; Mounjaro, Zepbound and Foundayo above 60% of revenue; no loss of U.S. tirzepatide exclusivity before 2036.

Scenarios, three years forward

Table 12.2 Scenario analysis, TTM Q3 2026 to TTM Q3 2029
MeasureWorst caseBase caseBest case
Revenue CAGR, 3 years (%)4.014.022.0
Revenue, TTM Q3 2029 ($bn)97.3128.1157.0
Operating margin, TTM Q3 2029 (%)36.045.050.0
Net income, TTM Q3 2029 ($bn)28.046.162.8
EPS, TTM Q3 2029 ($)31.3551.6270.29
Exit P/E (x)18.028.035.0
Implied price ($)5641,4452,460
Change against $1,414.51 (%)(60)274
Implied annual return (%)(26.4)0.720.3
Implied annual return excludes dividends ($1.73 per share for Q4 2026).
Figure 12.2 Three year price scenarios

Sensitivity analysis

Table 12.3 Sensitivity of implied price to revenue CAGR and operating margin at 28x P/E
Revenue CAGR \ Operating margin36%40%45%48%50%
4%$878$975$1,097$1,170$1,219
9%$1,011$1,123$1,263$1,348$1,404
14%$1,156$1,285$1,445$1,542$1,606
18%$1,282$1,425$1,603$1,710$1,781
22%$1,417$1,575$1,771$1,890$1,968
Cells show implied share price in year 3. Current price $1,414.51. Blue cells sit above it, red cells below.
Table 12.4 Sensitivity of implied price to exit P/E and operating margin at 14% revenue CAGR
Exit P/E \ Operating margin36%40%45%48%50%
18x$743$826$929$991$1,032
23x$950$1,055$1,187$1,266$1,319
28x$1,156$1,285$1,445$1,542$1,606
32x$1,321$1,468$1,652$1,762$1,835
35x$1,445$1,606$1,807$1,927$2,007
Cells show implied share price in year 3. Current price $1,414.51. Blue cells sit above it, red cells below.

Disclaimer

This analysis is for information only and is not financial advice. It is derived from public SEC filings retrieved via sec-api.io and is not a publication of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Scenario values are model outputs under stated assumptions and are not forecasts. Data as of 30 October 2026.

Sources

All company figures are read from SEC filings retrieved through the sec-api.io MCP server. CFO statements are taken from the Q4 2025, Q1 2026 and Q2 2026 earnings calls held by the company; no Q3 2026 call transcript was available on 31 Oct 2026. Annual meeting remarks are from the virtual meeting of 4 May 2026.

Table A.1 Filings used, with accession numbers
FormPeriodFiledAccession number
10-QQ3 202629 Oct 20260000059478-26-000108
8-K Ex 99.1Q3 202629 Oct 20260000059478-26-000104
10-QQ2 20265 Aug 20260000059478-26-000081
8-K Ex 99.1Q2 20265 Aug 20260000059478-26-000077
10-QQ1 202630 Apr 20260000059478-26-000045
8-K Ex 99Q1 202630 Apr 20260000059478-26-000043
10-KFY202512 Feb 20260000059478-26-000013
8-K Ex 99.1Q4 20254 Feb 20260000059478-26-000008
10-KFY202419 Feb 20250000059478-25-000067
10-KFY202321 Feb 20240000059478-24-000065
10-KFY202222 Feb 20230000059478-23-000082
8-K 5.07AGM 20267 May 20260000059478-26-000048
8-K 8.01Notes offering20 May 20260001193125-26-232707
8-K 5.02Board21 Nov 20250000059478-25-000271
Schedule 13G/A30 Sep 202619 Oct 20260000316011-26-000036
Schedule 13G31 Mar 20261 May 20260002100119-26-001290
10-Q (peer BMY)Q3 202629 Oct 20260000014272-26-000024
10-Q (peer JNJ)Q3 202621 Oct 20260000200406-26-000197
Table A.2 Further filings used: competitors and comparatives
CompanyFormFiledAccession number
AbbVieForm 8-K Ex 99.1 (Q3 2026 results)30 Oct 20260001551152-26-000033
AmgenForm 8-K Ex 99.1 (Q2 2026 results)4 Aug 20260000318154-26-000124
BeOne MedicinesForm 8-K Ex 99.1 (Q2 2026 results)5 Aug 20260001628280-26-052877
BiogenForm 8-K Ex 99.1 (Q3 2026 results)28 Oct 20260000875045-26-000094
Eli Lilly10-Q Q3 2025 (Q4 2025 derivation)30 Oct 20250000059478-25-000254
Johnson & JohnsonForm 8-K Ex 99.1 (Q3 2026 results)13 Oct 20260000200406-26-000189
MerckForm 8-K Ex 99.1 (Q3 2026 results)29 Oct 20260001104659-26-119825
NovartisForm 6-K Ex 99.1 (Q3 2026 financial report)27 Oct 20260001114448-26-000014
Novo NordiskForm 6-K (H1 2026 financial report)4 Aug 20260000353278-26-000023
SanofiForm 6-K Ex 99.1 (Q3 2026 press release)30 Oct 20260001121404-26-000009
TevaForm 8-K Ex 99.1 (Q2 2026 results)29 Jul 20260001171843-26-004974
Table B.1 Exhibits to Forms 8-K filed in the last twelve months
FiledExhibitDocumentContent
21 Nov 2025Ex 104Cover page (Item 5.02 board election)No other exhibit
4 Feb 2026Ex 99.1Q4 2025 earnings release and 2026 guidanceQ4 2025 revenue rose 43% to $19.3bn ($19.29bn vs $13.53bn); volume +46%, realized prices (5%); US revenue +43% to $12.9bn, outside US +43% to $6.4bn; Q4 2025 Mounjaro revenue $7.41bn (+110%), Zepbound $4.26bn (+123%), Verzenio $1.60bn (+3%); FY 2025 Mounjaro $22.96bn, Zepbound $13.54bn, Verzenio $5.72bn
30 Apr 2026Ex 99Q1 2026 earnings release and raised guidanceQ1 2026 revenue rose 56% to $19.8bn ($19.80bn vs $12.73bn); volume +65%, realized prices (13%); US +43% to $12.1bn, outside US +81% to $7.7bn; Mounjaro $8.66bn (+125%; US $4.2bn, outside US $4.4bn), Zepbound $4.16bn (+80%), Jaypirca $165m, Ebglyss $145m, Kisunla $124m, Omvoh $80m, Inluriyo $35m
20 May 2026Ex 1.1Underwriting agreement for $9.0bn notes offering (dated 6 May 2026)$9.0bn of notes in eight series sold to underwriters led by Morgan Stanley, Citigroup, Deutsche Bank and Goldman Sachs (each $1.44bn of the total); 15 underwriters in all; Underwriter purchase prices ranged from 99.850% (2028 floating notes) to 98.641% (2066 notes) of principal
7 May 2026Ex 104Cover page (Item 5.07 vote results)Vote counts in the 8-K body
20 May 2026Ex 4.3Officers' certificate: terms of six fixed rate note series$750m 4.150% notes due 2029, $1.5bn 4.375% due 2031, $1.25bn 4.650% due 2033, $1.5bn 4.850% due 2036, $1.75bn 5.600% due 2056, $1.0bn 5.700% due 2066 ($7.75bn fixed rate in total); Interest paid semiannually on 20 May and 20 November from 20 November 2026; senior unsecured, ranking equally with other unsecured debt
20 May 2026Ex 4.4Officers' certificate: terms of two floating rate note series$750m floating rate notes due 20 May 2028 at Compounded SOFR plus 0.350%; $500m floating rate notes due 20 May 2029 at Compounded SOFR plus 0.460%; Interest reset and paid quarterly (20 February, May, August, November) from 20 August 2026; rate floored at zero
20 May 2026Ex 5.1Legal opinion of Kirkland & Ellis LLPOpinion that the $9.0bn of notes will be binding obligations of Lilly once executed, authenticated and paid for, under New York law; Notes registered on Form S-3 under the 1 February 1991 indenture with Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas as trustee
20 May 2026Ex 5.2Legal opinion of Jamie Burnett, Lilly assistant general counselOpinion under Indiana law that Lilly is validly existing and has duly authorized the indenture, underwriting agreement and issuance of the notes; Prospectus supplement dated 6 May 2026 to the base prospectus of 19 February 2025
5 Aug 2026Ex 99.1Q2 2026 earnings release and raised guidanceQ2 2026 revenue rose 48% to $23.0bn ($22.97bn vs $15.56bn); volume +60%, realized prices (13%); US +33% to $14.4bn, outside US +80% to $8.6bn; Mounjaro $9.94bn (+91%), Zepbound $4.93bn (+46%), Jaypirca $192m, Ebglyss $201m, Kisunla $167m, Omvoh $102m, Foundayo $98m, Inluriyo $75m
29 Oct 2026Ex 99.1Q3 2026 earnings release and raised guidanceQ3 2026 revenue rose 39% to $24.4bn ($24.40bn vs $17.60bn); volume +53%, realized prices (15%); US +34% to $15.1bn, outside US +47% to $9.3bn; included about $900m of benefits incl. $410m Jardiance milestones (none remain); Mounjaro $10.72bn (+65%; US $5.0bn, outside US $5.7bn), Zepbound $5.35bn (+49%), Jaypirca $228m, Ebglyss $202m, Kisunla $193m, Foundayo $184m, Omvoh $114m, Inluriyo $73m; nine month revenue $67.17bn (+46%)